Image sources

http://www.realestateradiousa.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2008/01/suntzu2.jpg --Sun Tzu
http://www.whyy.org/blogs/itsourcity/files/2008/11/money-stacks2.jpg --Economic Impact
http://photography.nationalgeographic.com/staticfiles/NGS/Shared/StaticFiles/Photography/Images/POD/f/fox-river-autumn-514400-sw.jpg- Autumn
http://www.prairiefirenewspaper.com/files/spring-creek-prairie.jpg- Spring
http://4handsclapping.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2009/01/fork-in-the-road.jpg- Deception
http://depts.washington.edu/chinaciv/1xarzhou.jpg -Map of China
http://www.nationsonline.org/maps/chinese_dynasty_maps/Zhou_Dynasty_Map.jpg- Zhou
http://portal.unesco.org/en/files/42753/1215508711330206135_400.jpg/30206135_400.jpg - Strong position
http://www.hourofwolves.org/images/battles/skuldRepelsDanes/04_daneElementAgain.jpg- weak point
http://www.blogcdn.com/www.ps3fanboy.com/media/2007/11/assassins_creed_1080_3.jpg- spies
http://www.mybiztogo.com/catalog/images/SunTzu1.jpg- the art of war
http://www.lakesurf.com/weblog/SunTzu.jpg -victorious general
http://piava.files.wordpress.com/2008/03/competitive_intelligence.jpg- Intellegence
http://www.sbs.ox.ac.uk/NR/rdonlyres/DEB81C3C-7A32-4E28-8492-59586F2E1BED/3887/direct_communication_marketing.jpg- Communication
http://foreignallegiance.com/mkportal/modules/gallery/album/a_16.jpg -led armies
http://www.theredepic.com/Web%20Images%202/Pieces/spearman72dpi.jpg -soldier
http://www.digipendent.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/01/strategy.jpg -strategy
http://www.emeraldinsight.com/fig/0200130204001.png -chapters
http://militantplatypus.com/download/blogimages/outnumbered2.jpg-know you enemy
http://www.better-photographs.com/images/Photo-Editing-Distractions-Before.jpg -deception
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a8/Norway-_Valley_view_from_Stalheim.jpeg- valley
http://www.visualstatistics.net/East-West/War%20East/Confucius.jpg -beliefs
http://www.defenselink.mil/dodcmsshare/newsphoto/2001-07/010605-D-9880W-290.jpg -hilltop
http://www.chinastrategies.com/soldier%20and%20flag.gif -chinese warrior
http://www.salesforcetraining.com/images/handshake_office_small.jpg -Business
http://www.downloadmunkey.net/images/peos-03.jpg -modern soldier

China Cards 21-25

1. http://www.history.com/encyclopedia.do?articleId=201513
2. Funk & Wagnalls New Encyclopedia, World Almanac Education Group, WRC Media Company.
3. None, but it's the History Channel
4. Sun Tzu wrote the earliest military treatise, The Art of War, which described Chinese weapons, command systems, communications, discipline, grade distinctions, strategy, etc.
5. Yes
6. HISTORY CHANNEL!

1. http://classics.mit.edu/Tzu/artwar.html
2. None
3. None
4. "When you engage in actual fighting, if victory is long in coming, then men's weapons will grow dull and their ardor will be damped. If you lay siege to a town, you will exhaust your strength." "If he is taking his ease, give him no rest. If his forces are united, separate them." "Attack him where he is unprepared, appear where you are not expected."
5. Yes
6. I have seen this quote many times

1. http://www.waikato.ac.nz/wfass/subjects/history/waimilhist/1998/suntzu.html
2. Dean McNicol
3. referenced many people in the article
4. the art of war can be used for the following: conflict between armies, and conflict between political organisations or countries
5. Yes
6. There are many references to back him up

1. http://www.goodreads.com/author/show/1771.Sun_Tzu
2. None
3. None
4. "Victorious warriors win first and then go to war, while defeated warriors go to war first and then seek to win"
5. No
6. This website is trying to sell the book. However, I've seen this quote before

1. http://www.wideworldofquotes.com/quotes/sun-tzu-quotes.html
2. Wide World of Quotes
3. None
4. "Opportunities multiply as they are seized." -- Sun Tzu, The Art of War "Pretend inferiority and encourage his arrogance." -- Sun Tzu, The Art of War
5. Maybe
6. This quotes is everywhere but there are no credincials to back the author up.

China Cards 16-20

1. http://www.mailsbroadcast.com/the.artofwar.10.htm
2. None
3. None
4. "A superior leader who calculatesthe distance or proximity of dangersand obstructions
   and move with confidence anywhere inhis environment, is on the path to victory."
5. Not sure
6. No source, but I've seen this quote before

1. http://www.mailsbroadcast.com/the.artofwar.5.htm
2. None
3. None
4. "In conflict, direct confrontation will lead to engagement and surprise will lead to victory.
   Those who are skilled in producing surprises will win. Such tacticians are as versatile as the changes in haven and earth."
5. Not sure
6. No source, but quote was seen in many, many places.

1. http://www.mailsbroadcast.com/the.artofwar.2.htm
2. None
3. None
4. Fight to win quickly. Those not aware of disadvantageous strategies cannot be aware of strategiesthat are advantageous.
5. Not sure
6. No source. The quote is familiar though

1. http://www.freerepublic.com/focus/f-news/539453/posts
2. John Robinson
3. None
4. "Thus, what enables the wise sovereign and the good general to strike and conquer, and achieve things beyond the reach of ordinary men, is foreknowledge.
   Now this foreknowledge cannot be elicited from spirits; it cannot be obtained inductively from experience, nor by any deductive calculation.
   Knowledge of the enemy's dispositions can only be obtained from other men"
5. Maybe
6. There is a source but nothing to back him up

1. http://refspace.com/quotes/Sun_Tzu
2. None
3. None
4. "Thus, what is of supreme importance in war is to attack the enemy's strategy"
5. not likely
6. No source. no credicials

China Card 15

1. http://www.chinapage.com/sunzi-e.html
2. None
3. None
4. Hence to fight and conquer in all your battles is not supreme excellence; supreme excellence consists in breaking the enemy's resistance without fighting. Before jumping into combat, Sun Tzu would take everything into consideration.
5. Can't tell
6. no source- no credincials

China Card 14

1. http://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/authors/s/sun_tzu.html
2. Brainy media
3. none
4. "All warfare is based on deception" & "Hence that general is skilful in attack whose opponent does not know what to defend; and he is skilful in defense whose opponent does not know what to attack."- take advantage of your opponent
5. Yes
6. I have seen these many other places

China Card 13

1. http://www.readprint.com/author-84/Sun-Tzu
2. Read Print
3. none
4. Sun Tzu presented his art of war to the king of Wu, who employed him after proving that his techniques could be applyed to anyone. He made 180 court women into soldiers within one session.
5. probably not but maybe
6. I've seen this before, but don't know if it's real since there are no credincials

China Card 12

1. http://www.military.com/NewContent1/0,14361,FreedomAlliance_062404,00.htm
2. Oliver North
3. combat decorated marine, a #1 best-selling author
4. Sun Tzu taught his men to "know your enemy" before a battle. For if "you know your enemy and know yourself you need not fear the result of a hundred battles." However, Sun Tzu did say, "If you know yourself but not the enemy, for every victory gained you will also suffer a defeat."
5. Yes
6. Combat personel who most likely had to read this, and even if he didn't I've seen this quote other places.

China Card 11

1. http://www.military-quotes.com/Sun-Tzu.htm
2. Military-Quotes.com
3. Can't be found
4. Sun Tzu's strategy was to keep the conquered in one piece so they could serve some use to the conquerer. "In the practical art of war, the best thing of all is to take the enemy's country whole and intact; to shatter and destroy it is not so good. So, too, it is better to recapture an army entire than to destroy it."-Sun Tzu, the Art of War
5. Yes
6. Seen this quote other places

China Card 10

1. http://learn.bowdoin.edu/suntzu/content.cgi?chapter=02
2. Bowdoin College
3. College of science and arts
4. Military impact on economy:The military values victory.It does not value prolonging

Strategy:Taking a state whole is superior.

Therefore, in dispersed ground, do not do battle. In light ground, do not stop. In contested ground, do not attack. In connected ground, do not cross. In junction ground, join with allies. In heavy ground, plunder. In spread-out ground, move. In enclosed ground, strategize. In death ground, do battle.

Intelegence:Not knowing the other and not knowing oneself,In every battle certain defeat.

1. Yes
2. a univeristy that studies the arts

China Card 9

1. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spring_and_Autumn_Period
2. Ebrey, Patricia Buckley
3. Cambridge University Press
4. The Spring and Autumn period ended the feudal system in China as the control of the Zhou Dynasty came to an end. This resulted in the warring states period. Sun Tzu was the general who aided in the military reforms that lead to this.
5. Not sure
6. It's Wikipedia

China Card 8

1. http://sonshi.com/why.html
2. none
3. none
4. Sun Tzu, born in the state of Wu, became the general for King Ho-lu and captured the capital city of Ying to defeat the powerful Ch'u state. He then subdued the states of Ch'i and Chin during the Spring and Auttum period(722-481BC).
5. Not sure
6. no known source with credintials

China Card 7

1. http://www.suntzu1.com/content/who_is_sun_tzu/
2. Mark McNeilly
3. same as card 6
4. General for the Ch'i state during the age of warring states
5. same as card 6
6. same as card 6

China Card 6

1. http://www.suntzu1.com/content/turning_strengths_into_weaknes/
2. Mark McNeilly
3. Wrote books on how to apply Sun Tzu's warfare to modernday
4. Strategy was to turn enemy strength to weakness
5. Yes
6. took the works of someone else and took its applications to another aspect of life

China sources 5

1. http://www.thefinertimes.com/Ancient-Wars/overview-of-ancient-chinese-wars.html
2. The Finer Times 2008, A Divsion Of Pear Corporation
3. don't know
4. shifted tactics to deception and intellegence
5. not sure
6. can't find credencials

China sources 4

1. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sun_Tzu
2. Bradford, Alfred S. (2000), With Arrow, Sword, and Spear: A History of Warfare in the Ancient World, Praeger Publishers, ISBN 0275952592 .
   Hanzhang, Tao; Wilkinson, Robert (1998), The Art of War, Wordsworth Editions, ISBN 9781853267796 .
   McNeilly, Mark R. (2001), Sun Tzu and the Art of Modern Warfare, Oxford University Press, ISBN 0195133404 .
   Sawyer, Ralph D. (1994), The Art of War, Westview Press, ISBN 081331951X .
   Sawyer, Ralph D. (2005), The Essential Art of War, Basic Books, ISBN 0465072046 .
   Simpkins, Annellen; Simpkins, C. Alexander (1999), Taoism: A Guide to Living in the Balance, Tuttle Publishing, ISBN 9780804831734 .
   Tung, R.L. (2001), "Strategic Management Thought in East Asia", in Warner, Malcolm, Comparative Management:Critical Perspectives on Business and Management, 3, Routledge, ISBN 0415132630 .
3. Published Authors
4. Lived during the warring states period (476–221 BCE) between the kingdoms of Zhou, Qi, Qin, Chu, Han, Wei and Yan.
5. Yes
6. reliable references

China sources 3

1. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Art_of_War
2. muchos people
3. translators
4. The Art of War, writen in the 6th century B.C. became the strategy guide for many nations for a long time. It goes into many considerations beyond the battlefield, but to the armourment, economy, and role of the people in the army.
5. yes
6. many people have trasnlated this document

China sources 2

1. http://artofwar.thetao.info/china/suntzu.htm
2. none
3. none
4. born into nobility, taught by Machiavelli, took his strategies and invaded the kingdom of Yue
5. not really
6. non-named source

China sources 1

1. http://www.online-literature.com/suntzu/
2. Jalic Inc.
3. featured in USA Today
4. chinese military strategist and author of The Art of War
5. not sure
6. not very many credintials

DBQ Essay

Nonviolence

Nonviolence works by punishing the body that needs to be changed through other means than physical pain. Since through non-violence only one side of the dispute is physically harmed, it is the best solution to reduce the amount of violence. That is as long as there’s enough support for the movement.
Old Documents
“Document B”- Martin Luther said that boycotts were “necessary” and that this method “would be an effective one”. Boycotts harmed the economy in order to reach the desired result. However, since it was a non-violent protest, there were relatively few casualties.
Gandhi in “Document A” asked for “all the people in India” to “suspend their business on that day”. This is yet another example of a successful boycott in which the Indian people got the laws repealed with few fatalities.
Nelson Mandela, in “Document C” denied President Mr. de Klerk’s request to speak about ending international sanctions on South Africa. He felt that if the president wanted the economy to improve, sanctions were the best way to pressure the government to end apartheid. Once again, few people were harmed compared to if a full civil war broke out.
In “Document D”, Gandhi wrote a letter reassuring his desire to continue protests non-violently, but that he would carry out harming the government in an economical or political manner. Having the Indian people produce their own salt put an extra financial burden on the English government. Therefore their monopoly on salt was no longer a major source of income. Yet again, no one was harmed in this particular protest.
Nelson Mandela, in “Document I” said that non-violent protesters “could not retaliate otherwise they undermine the value of the entire enterprise”. In other words those who protest through nonviolence can’t fight back. If they do, then they would only provoke more violence and give a reason for their aggressors to continue attacking them.

New Documents
“Document N” provides a new form of nonviolent protest, the media. After TIME magazine finished a story on Martin Luther King’s movement, he could feel the hostility against him reduce. The media spreads information around to many people and that’s how Dr. King’s movement spread as far as it did, to as many people as it did. With this newfound support, Dr. King’s movement became even stronger, strong enough to eventually end segregation.
Another supporter of the media was Gandhi, who in “Document M”, described how newspapers allowed him to express his feelings in a way that wouldn’t harm people. He called it the “training ground for self restraint”. Also the use of the newspaper provided a means to study “human nature in all its shades and variations”. To Gandhi, the newspaper was the way to spread the truth to a mass audience. With the truth about what really transpired, people began to realize what atrocities the British were putting on the Indians. Soon afterward, the support grew so strong against the British, they had to leave India.

Moving visuals accompanied by audible noises
In South Africa, Gandhi burnt the passes required for Indians to be there in protest of the segregation taking place. Despite the fact that he was beat and taken prisoner, his movement commenced and gathered support as people began to hear of the inhumane treatment of the British. On the other hand, if Gandhi had retaliated, then the English would have had an excuse for the punishment that he received, and his arrest would therefore have had a lesser effect.
The massacre of 1500 Indians, the beating at the Dharasana Salt Works, and every other form of violence perpetrated by the British onto the Indians was part of Gandhi’s plan to get the people of the world to see how bad of treatment they were receiving and to convince them to end the suffering.

Freedom of assembly

1) My right is the freedom of assumbly

2)People can meet to discuss religion, conteversial issues, petition the government. If this right were to be prohibited, not enough people could be gathered to discuss what they want. Also with this right, "the people have the right peaceably to assemble for their common good" (Missouri Constitution). This originated with the Magna Carta, where englishmen where given the right to meet for discussing the grevences of the monarch, but if they were seen by the monarchy to be a threat, then they would be punished by death. Therefore, with this being a secure right, the government can't undermine the conventions.

3)To excersise this right, one is able to convene or associate with fellow citizens to discuss whatever they want.

4)These meetings must be peaseful

5)Other rights such as life, liberty, proporty, happiness, free speech, and free press can be impinged if there were no limits to this right

6)If this right were to be abolished, then there would need to be a way for the individual person to communicate directly to the government to express their opinions.



Sources

http://members.mobar.org/civics/FreetoAssemble.htm

http://www.hrea.org/index.php?base_id=146

http://www.usatoday.com/educate/college/casestudies/20061003-Assembly.pdf

http://go.grolier.com/

http://k12subjectguides.suite101.com/article.cfm/understanding_freedom_of_assembly

http://www.websters-online-dictionary.org/fr/freedom_of_assembly.html

http://www.thefreedictionary.com/freedom+of+assembly

http://www.illinoisfirstamendmentcenter.com/assembly.php

http://www.firstamendmentcenter.org/assembly/topic.aspx?topic=freedom_association

http://law.jrank.org/pages/12433/Freedom-Assembly.html

Inconvenient Truth

Ice cores can tell temperature and CO2 levels of that years snowfall

http://www.gisp2.sr.unh.edu/MoreInfo/Ice_Cores_Past.html

• 
  Broecker, W. S. and G. H. Denton. (1990). "What drives the glacial cycles?" Sci. Am. 262(1): 48 - 56.
  Dansgaard, W., J. W. C. White and S. J. Johnsen. (1989). "The abrupt termination of the Younger Dryas climate event." Nature. 339: 532-533.
  Mayewski, P. A., W. B. Lyons, M. J. Spencer, M. Twickler, W. Dansgaard, B. Koci, C. I. Davidson and R. E. Honrath. (1986). "Sulfate and nitrate concentrations from a south Greenland ice core." Science. 232: 975-977.
  Lorius, C., J. Jouzel, C. Ritz, L. Merlivat, N. I. Barkov, Y. S. Korotkevich and V. M. Kotlyakov. (1985). "A 150,000-year climatic record form Antarctic Ice." Nature. 316: 591-596.
  Boyle, E. A. (1986). "Paired carbon isotope and cadmium data for benthic foraminifera: Implication for changes in oceanic atmospheric carbon dioxide." Glob. Biogeochem. Cycles. 3(3): 21 - 239.
• Authors of their own books
• Somewhat credible
• Ice cores can tell climate 20,000 years back
• Yes, all of these authors were in agreement that this was true

http://www.talkorigins.org/faqs/icecores.html

• C. Lorius et al., NATURE 316 (1985) 591-596. [2] F. Yiou et al., NATURE 316 (1985) 616-617. [3] J. Jouzel et al., NATURE 329 (1987) 403-408. [4] J.M. Barnola et al., NATURE 329 (1987) 408-414. [5] van Nostrands' SCIENTIFIC DICTIONARY [6] THE ENCYCLOPEDIA OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY [7] E. Wolff, GEOGRAPHICAL MAGAZINE 59 (1987) 73-77. [8] Julie M. Palais OCEANUS 29 (Winter 86/87) 55-60. [9] W. Dansgaard et al., SCIENCE 218 (1982) 1273-1277. [10] C.U. Hammer et al., NATURE 288 (1980) 230-235.
  
• All scientific authors
• Credible
• Ice cores tell temperatures, ph balance, oxygen levels
• Yes, these scientists are in agreement over these things

http://www.daviesand.com/Choices/Precautionary_Planning/New_Data/

• NOAA Paleoclimatology Program
• US gavernment agency
• Credible
• Provides data on temperature variations and atmospheric concentrations of CO2, methane and other greenhouse gases up to 420,000 years ago
• Yes, NOAA supports this data

Yes, this fact is true. Scientists use ice core data like carbon dating to determine the climatic conditions of Earth.

Inconvenient Truth

Lake Chad was once one of the largest lakes in the world

http://www.scienceinafrica.co.za/2003/march/chad.htm

• Michael Coe and Jonathan Foley
• University of Wisconsin-Madison researchers
• Credible
• Shrunk from 30000 mi2 to 3000mi2 in the last 40 years
• Yes, they have researced this topic

http://www.vaughns-1-pagers.com/geography/largest-lakes.htm

• Vaughn Aubuchon
• reference sheets of general knowledge facts
• somewhat credible
• Lake Chad is the 17th largest lake in the world at its present day size of 6300 km2
• not sure, even though they are a list of facts, I can't find any scientific study to back them up.

http://www.factmonster.com/ipka/A0001777.html

• Pearson Education
• teaches 100 million people world-wide, world's leading school publishing and technology company
• Credible
• Lake chad is 9946 sq. mi and is 13th largest in the world
• Not sure, despite being edited by a leading corporation, their numbers don't match up with the other sources.

This fact is true, Lake Chad, which is surrounded by 4 countries is still one of the biggest lakes in the world but was once much bigger. This is true because there are many people attempting many projects to replenish the water that was once there.

Incovenient Truth

The 10 hottest years on record were in the last 14 years

http://www.nasa.gov/vision/earth/environment/2005_warmest.html

• James Hansen
• Director of NASA GISS
• Credible
• The hottest 5 were in the past 8; 2005,1998,2002,2003,2004
• Yes, he works for NASA

http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/01/09/AR2007010901949.html

• Brenda Ekwurzel
• Climate Scientist with research done at University of Arizona and Columbia University on climate changes
• credible
• Every year since 1993 has been in the top 20 of record temps around the globe
• Yes, good credincials

http://homepages.wmich.edu/~karowe/UCS%20global%20warming%20fact%20sheet%20January%202006.pdf

• Union of Concered Scientists
• Refered to many major government agencies like NOAA, NASA, and DOE
• Very Credible
• 10 hottest years are 2005,1998,2002,2003,2004,2001,1997,1990,1995,1999
• Yes, they referenced many major agencies

This is not true, 1990 is not within the 14 year time frame Gore provides but the other 9 years do.

Inconvinent Truth

The first picture of plaet Earth from space came from Apollo 8

http://www.airspacemag.com/space-exploration/FEATURE-FirstPhoto.html

• Air and Space Smithsonian
• Magazine published since 1986 on the topic of aerospace-Tony Reichhardt, who wrote the article grduated from the University of Virgina as a writer for topics that focous on science
• Credible
• The first picture of Earth beyond the atmosphere was from a camera on v-2#13 in 1946
• Yes I believe the source because the article provided the picture and was writen by an author who focuses on science

http://science.ksc.nasa.gov/history/apollo/apollo-8/apollo-8.html

• Jim Dumoulin
• 2 masters degrees in computer science and space technology and is senior engineer of internet services lab for NASA
• Credible
• Apollo 8 took pictures of Earth in 1969
• Yes, I believe this source; he has many credencials

http://www.lpi.usra.edu/expmoon/Apollo8/Apollo8.html

• http://www.lpi.usra.edu/
• NASA funded institute dedicated to exploring the solar system
• Credible
• Apollo 8 took pictures of the Earth under higher resolution with different lighting and different angles
• Yes, this source provided multiple other resources that coroberated their info.

This is not true, the very first picture of Earth from space was taken in 1946, 23 years earlier than Apollo 8, even though it took pictures at a higher resolution with different affects.

Inconvinent Truth

Raising the water level around Calcutta India would displace 60 million people

http://www.popline.org/docs/0730/036183.html

• New York, New York, United Nations, 1986. vii, 38 p. (Population Policy Paper No. 1ST/ESA/SER.R/61)
• Department of International Economic and Social Affairs. Population Division
• Very credible
• There is only 10 million people in the city of Calcutta
• Yes, demographics done by the United Nations is meant to be trusted

http://www.asiarooms.com/travel-guide/india/kolkata/kolkata-overview/kolkata-population.html

• AsiaRooms-TUI Travel PLC
• Leading international travel agency
• Mildly credible
• In the entire metroploitan area of Calcutta India there are only 14 million people
• Not so sure if I trust these people because they don't provide many credicals or explanations of how they got this info.

http://www.worldatlas.com/citypops.htm

• U.S. Census Bureau and Times Atlas of the World, tenth edition
• Department of US government that develops studies on population and other demographic info for the government
• Credible
• Calcutta is the 9th most populated city in the world with 12,900,000 people
• I do believe this source because it matches closely to the other sources I found

I believe that Gore streched this fact and even though displacing 12 million is still bad, it's not as bad as 60 million.

Israel

http://www.mideastweb.org/nutshell.htm
http://www.historyguy.com/israeli-palestinian_conflict.html
http://www.globalpolicy.org/security/issues/israel-palestine/occupindex.htm
http://www.globalissues.org/issue/111/palestine-and-israel
http://www.socialstudiesforkids.com/articles/worldhistory/palestinianisraeliconflict1.htm
http://thesagejournal.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=47
http://www.science.co.il/Arab-Israeli-conflict-2.asp
http://www.historyguy.com/arab_israeli_wars.html
http://www.mfa.gov.il/MFA/History/Modern+History/Centenary+of+Zionism/The+Arab-Israeli+Wars.htm
http://www.usip.org/arab_israeli/
http://www.juntosociety.com/monty/mrair.html
http://www.sixdaywar.org/
http://www.infoplease.com/ipa/A0107652.html
http://experts.foreignpolicy.com/catagory/topic/isreal/palestine
http://www.ifamericansknew.org/history/
1)In 1947, after increased pressure to allow Jews to immagrate to their holy land Judah, the UN created 2 states, Palestine was for the Arabs and Isreal was for the Jews.
2)After the states were partitianed, the Arabs, who held the land for hundreds of years, wouldn't give the land back. Arab states Egypt, Syria, Iraq, Saudi Arabia, Lebonon and Jordan declared war on Isreal in 1947, 56, 67, 73, and 82. Each time the Israelis won. During the Suniai War, Israel gained temporary control of Suniai peninsula. Then during the 60's many raids were launched by both sides on the West Bank, a region along the River Jordan, in which the Isrealis gained much territory. Then, starting in the 80's Israel invaded and occupied South Lebonon by crushing the Syrians, this continued until 2000. A second offensive was launched against Lebonon in 2006. Next, in 2004, Israel withdrwed from Gaza as part of the Oslco peace accord.
3)Every country, Egypt, Syria, Lebonon, Iraq, Saudi Arabia, and Palestine, with a islamic culture is our enemies because we took part of their holy land.
4)We have no friends in the Middle East, but the UN favors us after the Holocaust. After that, they no longer wanted the Jews to be oppresed so they gave us our own state.
5)We would like land in the West Bank and the demiliterization of Palestinian states along it. Also we need a supply of water from the Jordan River and the right to the ancient capitol of Judea and the Jewish Holy Temple.
6)We are willing to part with our confiscated lands, mainly in Gaza, and part of Jerusalem around your Al Aqsa mosque.
7) We demand that you recognise us as a free Jewish State. Also we must continue to have to water from the Jordan River and the territory of the West Bank is essential to our defence and therefore must remain in our possesion.

Reflection

1)I learned that as new technologies became available, that weapons changed along with it.
2)How have weapons changed throughout history
3)Weapons first started as sticks and rocks, then advanced to use bronze and then iron when it became available. Then, bullets were developed and now, weapons are becoming more and more electronic. However, the question also was how can weapons get more effective, more durable, and can they be made lighter.
4)Yes
5)The progression of the board helped to visualize the progression of weapons as time went along.
6)Our project was very organized
7)Some of the details of the project could have been ironed out sooner, creating less stress when the project was almost due
8)I think that we should not have waited as long as we did to finish the project
9)I like the assaignment as is
10)A+ because Aaron and I spent alot of time working on this and it covered the weapons of all the major time periods of history.

Daily progress

my actions for today were to finish the project
I finished the project
this helped me finsih the project
no more actions to be done

Daily progress

My actions for today were to finlaize the ideas for the project
that's what I did
this helped me complete the project
my next actions are to make the project

Daily progress

My actions for today were the same as Aarons
Today I did what Aaron did
Same as Aaron
Same as Aaron

Daily progress

My actions for today were to finish completing my sources and get ideas for the final project

Today I did all of the previously mentioned activities

This helped me organize the final project

My next actions are to make the project

Daily progress

my actons for today were to fing the remaining pictures for the monopoly board
today I found the pictures and started working on the plan for the fianl project
this help me organize the final project
my next acton is to finish the plan

code breaker pic

http://static.howstuffworks.com/gif/code-breakers-1.jpg

aquaduct

http://www.carhirenerja.com/aquaduct.jpg

pile of rocks pic

http://hikethewhites.com/kingravine/b09.jpg

bullet pic

http://www.rvow.com/images/M855%20bullets.jpg

blacksmith pic

http://www.bbc.co.uk/shropshire/content/images/2007/07/26/blacksmith_gallery_01_470x320.jpg

hydrogen bomb pic

http://www.mcb10koreaseabees.com/images/Castle_Bravo_2-29-1954.jpg

ammo pic

http://blog.wired.com/photos/uncategorized/2008/04/02/ammo.jpg

chain mail pic

http://www.raisonsbrassband.com/images/chainmail.jpg

cargo ship pic

http://weblogs.sun-sentinel.com/news/weather/hurricane/blog/Cargo-Ship.jpg

plate armour pic

http://members.tripod.com/preachan/icons/italian_knt.gif

standing army pic

http://www.the-romans.co.uk/g8/02.legionaries.jpg

alliance pic

http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/worldwarone/images/article/alliance_entente.gif

Daily progress

My actions for today were to continue on the final project
Today I found pictures for the board and community chance cards
this helped me to finish my final presentation
My next actions are to find more pictures

payday check

http://www.prairienet.org/centennial-bands/images/paycheck.gif

night raid pic

http://www.battlespaceonline.org/teru-kuwayama/night-raid-in-fallujah-iraq-2003.jpg

exiled pic

http://thumbnails.truveo.com/0005/05/62/05625806E367D6278AF9A7_Large.jpg

medic pic

http://m.gmgrd.co.uk/res/329.$plit/C_71_article_1037766_image_list_image_list_item_0_image.jpg

campaign

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fc/Falkenhayn_and_his_staff_of_the_German_9th_Army_during_the_Romanian_Campaign.jpg

Leutinent General

http://bf2e.com/pics/rank_20.jpg

budget increase

http://willblogforfood.typepad.com/will_blog_for_food/images/2007/10/30/money.jpg

budget increase

http://willblogforfood.typepad.com/will_blog_for_food/images/2007/10/30/money.jpg

supply wagon pic

http://www.lastresortfd.org/HD-Supply%20Wagon-Sta%202-1901-SFD%20Hist.jpg

supply wagon pic

http://www.lastresortfd.org/HD-Supply%20Wagon-Sta%202-1901-SFD%20Hist.jpg

west point pic

http://www.us-coin-values-advisor.com/images/West%20Point-Aerial-view.jpg

budget cut pic

http://gothamschools.org/wp-content/uploads/2008/10/budget-cut3.jpg

general ransom pic

http://www.zestadventures.com/wp-content/uploads/2007/11/the-pirate-ransom-1.jpg

defeated in battle

http://www.wirral-mbc.gov.uk/vikings/gallery/images/Vikings058_jpg.jpg

POW camp pic

http://polandpoland.com/woldenburg.jpg

field fortifications pic

http://www.f1point4.com/f1point4/images/palisade_wall.jpg

army ranks

http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/pakistan/images/army-rank1.gif

spies pic

http://www.cclc.vic.gov.au/images/bookrev/spies.jpg

war reparations pic

http://justgetthere.us/blog/uploads/money-printing-press.jpg

surveying pic

http://www.russiansinthecef.ca/29thbattalion/images/surveyor1.jpg

legion pic

http://www.lore-and-saga.co.uk/assets/images/Legion1.JPG

musket pic

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c8/Muskete.jpg

marching army pic

http://imagecache2.allposters.com/images/pic/NWPPOD/EVRV2A-00182~British-Army-Marching-in-Formation-Up-Breed-s-Hill-in-the-Battle-of-Bunker-Hill-c-1775-Posters.jpg

Sticks pic

http://terpconnect.umd.edu/~kevin/pix/home/sticks.jpg

Egyption axe pic

http://www.touregypt.net/featurestories/edgedweapons.htm

chariot pic

http://www.irregularminiatures.co.uk/images/54mm_Ancient_British_Chariot.jpg

gladius pic

http://www.odinblades.com/Swords2k/GladiusX.jpg

Daily progress

My actions today were to finish the research and then start on the final project
I did all of this today and started finding pics for the monopoly board
This helped me get through some of the details of the final project
My next actions are to find more pics

spear pic

http://www.wildernessoutfittersarchery.com/Prim_Spears.jpg

rock picture

https://www.scdlink.com/cw2/Assets/product_full/300/cvc6003.jpg

sarisa picture

http://www.downloadmunkey.net/images3/shumate-02.jpg

pilum picture

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/12/Pilum_heavy.jpg

pilum attack picture

http://www.wargamesfactory.com/Images/pilum_attack.jpg

matchlock picture

http://www.imfdb.org/images/thumb/1/18/MC2MatchlockRifle-1.jpg/600px-MC2MatchlockRifle-1.jpg

crossbow picture

http://www.bowsports.com/acatalog/XV-XVI-Target-Crossbow.jpg

Broadsword picture

http://www.trueswords.com/images/prod/c/TS-KNIGHTHNH_540.jpg

Index card 30

http://www.indiastudychannel.com/resources/8491-Hand-cannon.aspx

The hand cannon was the first form of fire arm that was able to be mass produced so that many people could carry it. It only had a range of about 50 yards so it do all that much damage. However, if you did hit someone, they would die, making ideal for ambushes and seiges.

Index card 29

http://www.silcom.com/~vikman/isles/scriptorium/firearm/match.html

The first matchlock weapons weren't very good. The powder would often get wet and the fuse was hard to light. So in the case of an ambush, someone carrying this weapon would be in deep trouble. Soon an mod came that moved a sliding cover over the powder pan when the trigger was pulled.

Daily progress

My actions for today were to make 25 index cards and find more sites for delicious.
Today I found more sites for delicious and made 28 index cards
This helped me find more info for the final project
My next actions are to finish the 30 index cards.

Index card 28

http://members.tripod.com/warviking/realweaponsandarmor.html

To a viking the sword was the most important weapon. The battle axe was very deadly and used as a cutting weapon.

Index card 27

http://www.samuraiweapons.org/

Samurais were elite warriors and were skilled in many weapon types from bow and arrows to their iconic swords.

Index card 26

http://www.middle-ages.org.uk/middle-ages-weapons.htm

Men-at-arms carried pole-arms, axes, maces, pikes, spears, and anything else that they could find. Knights used different swords like the broadsword, falchion, and long sword, along with a lance.

Index card 25

http://crusades.suite101.com/article.cfm/knights_templar

Templars carried a broadsword, lance and knife into battle. Personal effects and art weren't allowed on these weapons because they belonged to the order and not to the individual knight. Punishment for this would be expulsion from the order.

Index card 24

http://www.middle-ages.org.uk/scimitar.htm

Scimitars were saracen swords with a curved blade used for cutting and slashing at enemy troops. These were primarily carried during the crusades.

Index card 23

http://members.ozemail.com.au/~ancientpersia/weapons.html

Persians used many weapons that originaly came from greek or egyptian design. The akinakes were short swords and kopises were axes.

Index card 22

http://www.jelldragon.com/specials/spec1064.htm

The francisca was a throwing axe developed by the frankish tribes and was used both as a missile and melee weapon

Index card 21

http://british-dark-middle-ages.suite101.com/article.cfm/the_anglosaxon_warrior

The spear to the anglo-saxon warrir was used as either a hand to hand combat weapon or as a missile. The sword wasn't as common because only the wealthiest of warriors could own it. The Seaxe was a knife that would be used as a tool and a last ditch weapon. Since training didn't cover the use of ranged weapons, the sling and bow and arrow, these were even less common than the sword. Killing a foe at long range was also not considered honorable.

Index card 20

http://www.celticgrounds.com/chapters/c-weapons.htm

The main weapon of the celtic soldier was the spear but they also used varying types of swords. At the start they were short and made of bronze, this soon evolved into the typical broadsword of the middle ages

Index card 19

http://jan.ucc.nau.edu/~wew/fencing/blades.html

Rapiers didn't see much of the battlefield since they were a smaller sword than the broadsword. The typical period to see one of these weapons would be around the 1600's

Status Report

1) So far I have done a majority of my research and started working out the details of the final project.
2)I still have to finish the research and make the final project
3) Finding sites with different info from each other was harder than I thought
4) Some of the details were actually pretty easy to do like the chance and community chest cards. Also finding sites was not a problem
5) I would finish the research before starting on the final presentation
6) Before spring break I need to finish the research

Daily progress

My actions today were to finish the community and chance cards for the monopoly board
I did finish the cards
This helped me get closer to finishing the details of the final project
My next actions are to have 25 index card posts and finish more details on the monopoly board with Aaron.

Daily progress

My actions coming into today were to find more stie for delicious and then to create index cards for those bookmarks.
Today I corrected my index cards that I made mistakes on and found more details for the final project.
Doing this helped me to further organize my notes and final project.
My next actions are to once again find and bookmark more sites to make index cards for and to work out more details for the final project.

Daily Progress

Today I was supposed to find more sites for delicious and create index cards.
I made more index cards and bookmarked more sites on delicous today.
This helped me get my info organized into a manner that I can easily read it earlier.
My next actions are to continue finding sites for delicious and then create more index cards on blogger.

Index card 18

http://nefertiti.iwebland.com/weapons/index.html

Nubian mercenaries made up the best archer units, the key soldiers in the Egyption army. The bow was a composite of horn, wood and sinews. New Kindom infantry carried axes, and spears. In addition to the bow and arrow, charioteers carried a spear to defend themselves after using all their arrows. Most of these weapons had their origin in Asia. The intro of metal working made weapons more durable.

Index card 17

http://www.king-tut.org.uk/ancient-egyptians/ancient-egyptian-weapons.htm

Slings and bows and arrows were the ranged weapons of the Egyption army while cresent shaped axes, swords, and stone; bronze; and iron maces were the close range weapons. Chariots were the cavalry and riders were equiped with either a bow and arrow or spear. Chariots were also used to run over enemy forces. Some may have had spiked wheels.

Index card 16

http://www.touregypt.net/featurestories/weapons.htm

Egyptions used swords, spears, axes, and arrows made of iron, bronze and at first stone. Most of the weapons used by the Egyptions were once tools like the battle axe for example was used to cut wood.

Index card 15

http://library.thinkquest.org/10949/fief/medknight.html

The first armour of knights was chain mail tunics over a lenin shirt and padded pants. This was soon replaced with full plate armour that weight between 40 and 60lbs. Their shields were made of either wood or metal. The sword of a knight weighed 32lbs and was often acompanied by a smaller knife.

Index card 14

http://www.castles-of-britain.com/castle36.htm

double edged swords, axes, metal tiped spears became popular during the bronze and iron ages. The sword however was very expensive; Saxons were said to value a sword at 15 male slaves or 120 oxen. Axes first gained recognition when the vikings started raiding the coast of Europe. In a garisson the most valueable weapon was the crossbow. Peasants fought with whatever they hand, most likely their farm tools like sickles. In a siege, commanders used trebuchets, mangonel and balistas to break down the castle walls. The 13th century brought new, improved swords, and other weapons, the 14th century focused on gunpowder.

Index card 13

http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/arms/hd_arms.htm

Armour during the middle ages was typicaly a short sleeved chail mail shirt made of interlocking rings. The shields were round wood coverd in leather and metal rims. Common weapons were the spear, sword, ax and bow. In the 12th century, knights began to wear flat toped helmets that covered the face. The breastplate didn't appear untill the 13th century along with the metal plate armour due to the invention of the crossbow.

Index card 12

http://www.knightsandarmor.com/

The sword was the typical weapon of the medieval knight. They were usualy made of low carbon steel with a crossguard to protect the knights' hands from the double edged blade. The detail of decoration on the sword was based on owner's wealth. On horseback a knight would use a lance, which started off as just a spear. In response, people invinted pikes and halberds which were longer and could reach the knight on his horse.

Index card 11

http://riv.co.nz/rnza/hist/gun/firstgun.htm

Guns were first made from forged iron into bombards. Cast iron guns were cheaper, but weren't manufactured untill the end of the 15th century and often expoded when used. Bombards, howitzers and mortors were the first artillary with a short round barral aimed at a high angle to lob over castle walls.

Daily progress

My actions coming into today were to continue making citations on delicious and make more index cards.
Today I made more index cards
This helped me organize my information in a way that would be easier to gather in the future.
My next actions are to continue to make index cards

Index Card 10

http://www.castles-of-britain.com/castle35.htm

This is a description of the weapons, training, and life of the medieval knight. Every knight started out as a page at the age of 7, at the age of 14, the became a squire, and at 21 they became a full fleged knight. These were the elite warriors with the best of everything, and often they were mercenaries hired out to local lords to fight.

Index Card 9

http://themiddleages.tripod.com/soldiers.htm

This site states the equipment, weapons and armour, and the role of each type of medieval soldier, from the peasant all the way to the barons and kings.

Index Card 8

http://www.factsmonk.com/ancient_greek_weapons

Ancient greeks used a long spear as their main weapon. These varied in length from 6 to 8 feet. The spear shaft was made of ash, and since they were easily breakable, they had a bronze cap on one end which was used as a club. The typical greek soldier wore about 65lbs of armour with a breast plate, round shield, and greaves. The balista was the first crossbow and was used as a seige engine.

Index Card 7

http://www.mlahanas.de/Greeks/war/Armor.htm

This site describes the layout, of the greek army; its weapons, its armour. Greek soldiers carried a large round shield, a long spear, and a short sword used as a secondary weapon.

Index Card 6

http://artofchainmail.com/history.html

Evolution of armour from plate armour, to chain mail for the ancient world.

Index Card 5

http://www.richeast.org/htwm/Greeks/Romans/weapons/weapons.html

A list and description of the basic equipment of the Roman Legions. On the list is the armour that they used, and the weapons that they carried.

Index Card 4

http://www.eclectichistorian.net/Roman/

Brief descrption of the weapons used by the Roman armies such as the gladious, which was also used by the gladiators. The Romans also invented the first armour piercing round, similarly called the pilum.

Daily progress post

My actons for today were to create index cards, find more citations, complete the project prospectus, and get an idea for the final project.
All of which I did except for finding more citations for delicious
Doing the index cards helped me gather my research into a more organized manner.
What I shall do next is to find more citations and then create more index cards.

Index card 3

http://ancienthistory.about.com/cs/games/a/gladiatorweapon.htm

Samnites, provacators and secutors are all types of gladiators, each with their own equipment. Their weapons ranged from javalins, the fascina, to swords, the gladius. They also sometimes carried a net, an iaculum. The typical armour was a visored helmat, galea, a metal shoulder piece, galareus, elbow bands, manicae, greaves, ocrea, and a round or oblong shield, parma or scutum.

Index Card 2

http://www.nativewayonline.com/cave.htm

The first bows were easy to make, but they weren't very strong. The arrows used were made of stone, bone, and later on, metal. The knives were chipped from obsidion or flint and were very sharp edge. Atlatls allowed a person to throw a spear over a longer distance. The average without one was about 30 feet, with this addition the average distance traveled tripled to 90 feet.

Index card 1

http://www.historyworld.net/wrldhis/PlainTextHistories.asp?historyid=aa89

Starting 15,000 years ago the main weapons of choice were made of rock. These rocks were chipped to form arrows and spears. Then about 7000B.C. copper was discovered. This made weapons stronger and it was still to soft so they combined copper with tin to make bronze about 2800 B.C. which was much harder and better for combat. This lead to the development of primitive swords and axes. The use of bronze was also very flexible and anyone who owned a small furnace could make any weapon they desired. The first type of mass production.

Project Propectus

1) How have arms and armour changed over time?
2) A monopoly board with the different weapons as the spaces
3) As one moves along the board, they can see have ancient weapons have developed
4) A monopoly style game board that is enjoyable but educational
5) This game would exhibit the change in weapons like a time-line, but is more entertaining
6) Set up blogger and delicious, find sources, make postcards, design the board with the weapons in chronological order, turn in to game
7) make index cards

Daily progress

Coming into today I needed to research more about weapons from the stone-age all the way to medieval nights. Also I had to decide what the final project was going to be.
However, I have yet to decide what the final project will be. Today I bookedmarked moe websites on delicious.
What I did today helped me gain research to answer how weapons have evolved.
My next actions are to determine what the final project will be and bookmark websites on delicious.

Daily progress

My next action for today was to find and research my topic and research question, all of which I did today. Also I bookmarked a few websites on Delicious. The research that I did helped me find my question and gather some information about it. My next actions would be to continue to research and gather more info. Along with that I need to find out what I'm going to do for the presentation.